Xstrata Logo – Xstrata plc is a global mining company with world headquarters in Zug, Switzerland and with its registered office in London, United Kingdom. Is one of the largest producers of coal (and the world’s largest exporter of thermal coal), copper, nickel, vanadium primary and zinc and the world’s largest producer of ferrochrome. Operates in 19 countries to over Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, North America and South America.

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Mainly is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is part of the index FTSE 100. It has a second listing on the SIX Swiss Exchange. Its largest shareholder, with a stake of around 34%, is Glencore International AG.

The company was founded in 1926 in Switzerland as Südelektra, involved in infrastructure and electricity projects in Latin America. In 1990, Marc Rich + Co AG became the largest shareholder. In the 1990s it diversified into the field of mining and eliminated non-core sectors. It was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 2002 while assets acquired in the coal industry of Glencore in Australia and South Africa.

In 2003, doubled its size with the acquisition of producer Australian mining of copper, zinc and lead MIM Holdings in a transaction of A $ 2,900 million. However, in 2005 failed in its attempt to acquire WMC Resources, another producer Australian mining, which was acquired by BHP Billiton, the largest mining company in the world. In 2004 Xstrata closed the Windimurra Vanadium newly acquired company in Western Australia which had the effect of increasing prices of other plants producing Vanadium Company. Many hundreds of workers were laid off and now many Western Australians are unwilling to return to see Xstrata in other mining operations in the state because of this fact.

In August 2005, Xstrata acquired a 19.9% stake in Falconbridge Limited, a diversified mining company in the production of copper, nickel, aluminum, lead and zinc. After a business dispute with rival Inco Limited, Xstrata acquired the remaining 80.1% of Falconbridge in August 2006.

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In 2006, the Northern Territory and Australian Governments respective approved the expansion of the zinc mine McArthur River, near the popular fishing destination Borrooloola. Expansion requires the diversion of the river into a channel of 5.5 km long, to allow the opening of an open pit mining in the existing river.

In reference to the traditional owners of the region’s peoples Yanyuwa, Mara, Gurdanji-Garrawa and the Earth Council North launched a legal challenge to the decision of the government of the Northern Territory to approve the opening of the mine and the McArthur River diversion.

On May 1, 2007, the Superior Court of the Northern Territory Council ruled in favor of the North earth to stop the expansion. On May 3, 2007, the government of the Northern Territory produced a retrospective legislation to overturn the court’s decision and allow the opening of the open pit mine.

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The Yell Group plc is a service company in the UK, the telephone directories and other similar services provide. The company is listed on the London Stock Exchange in the FTSE 100 listed. Yell Group is headquartered in Reading, Berkshire, west of London, England.

About Yell Group:

The company was founded in 2001 by privatizing a portion of the formerly state-owned company British telephone company BT Group established that brought out the yellow pages in the UK. In March 2006 the company employed around 11 368 employees. Yell Group offers the Yellow Pages in book format and online.

Yell Group acquired in 2005 in the United States, the company Transwestern Holdings LP, which brings out in 25 states in the United States telephone directories. In 2006, Yell Group, 59.9% of the Spanish services company Telefonica Publicidad e Información (TPI) of the company Telefónica.

WHO Logo – The World Health Organization (WHO), is the agency of the United Nations Organization (UN) specialized in managing policies for prevention, promotion and intervention in health worldwide. Initially organized by the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that prompted the writing of the first statutes of the WHO. The first WHO meeting held in Geneva in 1948.

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The 193 member states of the WHO is governed by the World Health Assembly. The Assembly is composed of representatives of all WHO Member States. In 2009, the institution was awarded the Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation.

The Member States of the World Health Organization designate their delegations to the World Health Assembly, which usually meets in May each year, and has the ability to define the financial policies of the organization, and reviews and approves the program budget. The Assembly elects 34 members, how in the field of health, for a term of three years, and which form the Executive Council. The main functions of the Council are to make effective decisions and policies of the Assembly, advise and facilitate their work.

WHO has 193 Member States, including all member states of the UN, except Liechtenstein, and 2 territories not members of the UN : Niue and the Cook Islands, which operate under the status of partners (with access to complete information but with participation and limited voting rights), currently, if approved by a majority of the Assembly Puerto Rico and Tokelau will become associate members. Some entities may also have observer status, as is the Vatican. Taiwan is proposed as an observer, with the opposition from China which considers it as part of its territory. The daily work of WHO is carried out by the Secretariat, which consists of 5,000 personnel from health and other experts and support staff working at headquarters, in the six regional offices and countries.

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WalMart Stores, Inc. is a multinational of origin American, the largest retailer in the world, and its sales and number of employees, the largest in the world. His concept of business is grocery store low price and high volume. The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962, was incorporated on October 31, 1969, and listed on the NYSE since 1972. Walmart offers the largest private job and is the largest grocery retailer in the United States. It also owns the store Sam’s Club.

Walmart operates in the United Kingdom under the brand Asda, in Japan with the Seiyu brand in Chile with brands Hyper Leader, Leader Express, Ekono and Acuenta and India as Best Price. It also has operations in Argentina ,Brazil ,Canada , Costa Rica , El Salvador ,Guatemala ,Honduras ,Mexico , Nicaragua and Puerto Rico with the parent brand. Walmart’s investments outside the United States have had mixed results: its operations in the United Kingdom, South America and China have been very successful, while in Germany and South Korea was forced to close because of the limited success of its stores .

Sam Walton, a businessman from Arkansas , began his retail career when he began work on June 3 , 1940, in a store JC Penney in Des Moines , Iowa, where he remained for 18 months. In 1945, he met Butler Brothers, a regional retailer that owned a variety store chain called Ben Franklin and that offered in Newport, Arkansas. Walmart was born in the 1970 from rural areas of the state of Arkansas , USA. Founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and in 1972 opened the New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE : WMT). Based on a low-price strategy and a major expansion, the company helped boost U.S. productivity, reduce inflation and bolster the buying power of millions of people. Walmart accelerated the trend to manufacture products in Asia and eliminated thousands of small retail sales leader in his field.

Valero Logo – The Valero Energy Corporation is a US-based oil company with headquarters in San Antonio ,Texas . Valero Energy has approximately 20 313 employees worldwide (as of 2010). The company also boasts 15 refineries in the United States, Canada and Caribbean countries. Valero Energy is the largest refinery owners in the United States and is one of the largest gas station owners in North America.

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Valero Energy is one of the largest in the Fortune 500 companies listed. The shares under the symbol VLO on the New York Stock Exchange trading. Among the brands include Valero Energy Valero, Diamond Shamrock, Ultramar, Shamrock, Beacon and Total. While these are the most visible brands in the public part of the company, they represent only a small part of the company dar.

The company was established on 1 Founded in January 1980. Valero was previously a part of the company’s Coastal States Gas Corporation and focused on the natural gas sector. In 1981, the company has a refinery in Corpus Christi , Texas, and began in 1984 with the refinery. 1997 Valero Energy sold its natural gas business sector, the company PG & E and concentrated his efforts on the oil market. Valero acquired the company based on petroleum, which four other refineries in Texas and Louisiana were part of the company. 1998 Valero Energy acquired a refinery in Paulsboro , New Jersey . Valero Energy acquired in 2000, the California subsidiary of Benicia from the rival ExxonMobil . In 2005, Valero, the company Premcor , Inc.

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US Navy Logo – The Army or Navy of the United States (United States Navy), also known as USN or U.S. Navy, is a branch of the Armed Forces of the United States responsible for carrying out operations naval. Its main function is to “maintain, train and equip for combat naval forces capable of achieving the victory of the war, responding to aggression and maintaining freedom of the seas”. As of May 2010, the Navy has 330,729 troops to 102,923 active and reserve, has 289 ships and over 3,500 aircraft.

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The Navy has its origins in the Continental Army, which was established after the Revolutionary War and was disbanded shortly thereafter. The constitution is the legal basis for providing a “Force of the Seas”, giving Congress the power to “create and maintain a navy.” The attacks on U.S. ships by pirates of Barbary forced Congress to use this power ordering the construction of six frigates. The USN entered the world stage in the twentieth century, especially during World War II. This was part of the conflict as an improvement to flaunt U.S. Army-The attack on Pearl Harbor – the official surrender of Japan on the USS Missouri. The United States had other subsequent conflict, the Cold War, which was improved for possible nuclear war with the Soviet Union.

The Armed Forces of the XXI century holds great importance in today’s world, such as in parts of Eastern Asia, Southern Europe andMiddle East. His ability to power projection in littoral regions around the world, improved during peacetime, and its rapid response to regional crises makes it an active participant in the defense of the United States. The U.S. Navy is the largest in the world with a tonnage greater than that of the next 17 armed and has a budget of $ 127.3 billion dollars for fiscal year 2007.

The Navy reports administratively to the Department of the Navy, headed by the Secretary of the Navy civilian. The Department of the Navy is a division of the Department of Defense headed by the Secretary of Defense. The most senior of the Navy is the Chief of Naval Operations.

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USAF Logo – The United States Air Force (abbreviated as USAF) is the branch of the Armed Forces of the United States in charge of the air war. Initially being part of the United States Army under the name of Army Air Forces of the United States (USAAF), the current USAF was formed as an independent branch on September 18 of 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the more recently established branch in the United States Armed Forces and the Air Force’s most technologically sophisticated world.

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The USAF articulates its basic functions in its 2010 position statement as nuclear deterrence operations, special operations, air superiority, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance global superiority in space, command and control, superiority in cyberspace, rescue personnel, overall precision strike, advice and military cooperation, global air mobility and combat support.

As of 2009 the Air Force of the United States has 5,573 manned aircraft in monetization services (3,990 in active service units of the USAF, 1,213 in the Air National Guard, and 370 in the Air Force Reserve); approximately 180 unmanned combat aircraft, 2,130 cruise missile air-launched, and 450 intercontinental ballistic missiles. The USAF has 330,159 personnel on active duty troops, 68,872 troops in the selected reserve and individual ready, and 94,753 troops in the Air National Guard as of September 2008. Additionally, employs a total of 151,360 civilian workers, and has more than 60,000 auxiliary members in the Civil Air Patrol, making it the largest air force in the world.

The Air Force United States has more than 5,778 aircraft in service as of 2004. Until 1962, the Army and Air Force maintained one system of aircraft naming, while the U.S. Navy. had its own system. In 1962, these were unified into one system that emphasized the best individual of the original methods. For more information on these systems, refer to United States Department of Defense aerospace vehicle designation.

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Unicef Logo – The United Nations Fund for Children and UNICEF was created by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1946 to help the children of Europe after the Second World War . It was first known as Unicef ​​, an acronym for United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund , or (in Spanish , International Emergency Fund United Nations Children’s Fund). In 1953 , UNICEF became a permanent body within the system of United Nations , responsible for helping children and protect their rights . His name was reduced to United Nations Fund for Children ( United Nations Children’s Fund ), but kept the acronym UNICEF for which he is known so far.

For over fifty years, UNICEF has provided food , clothing and medical care to children around the world, and has also tried to meet their other needs. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965 and the Prince of Asturias Award for Concord in 2006 . UNICEF is on the ground in 193 countries and territories to help guarantee children the right to survive and thrive, from early childhood through adolescence. Unicef ​​is the largest provider of vaccines for developing countries, works to improve health and nutrition of children, the water supply and sanitation services, the quality basic education for all children and the protection of boys and girls from violence, exploitation and HIV / AIDS. UNICEF is funded entirely by the voluntary contributions of individuals, businesses, foundations and governments.

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UNIDO Logo – The Organization of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO, was established by the General Assembly in 1966 as a body to promote and accelerate the industrialization in developing countries. It is also known in its acronym in English: UNIDO. The specialized agency took shape in 1979 but became a fully autonomous body on 1 January of 1986.

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The UNIDO promotes cooperation between industrialized and developing countries to accelerate industrial development, stimulating activities for the promotion of investment and technology transfer. The industrialized and developing countries jointly examine ways to accelerate industrialization by encouraging the participation of the government sector and industry. Based on surveys and studies, UNIDO creates and refines concepts and development approaches, contributes to making the plans public, cooperative and private sectors, including the encouragement of cooperation between companies interested in these sectors.

Also, organizes industrial training programs, provides advice and assistance to countries to obtain external financing on equitable and fair, and collects, analyzes, publishes, standardizes and improves industrial statistics. The headquarters of this entity in the United Nations system is in Vienna.

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UNHCR Logo – The UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR in space Francophone), based in Geneva, is a program of the UN. Its original purpose of protecting refugees, to find a lasting solution to their problems and ensure the implementation of the Geneva Convention on Refugees of 1951. After the departure of Ruud Lubbers, in February 2005, replaced by the new High Commissioner António Guterres, “the number of persons of concern to UNHCR was 22.3 million, or one in 269 people worldwide. The number of refugees was 12.1 million, or 4% more than in 2000. Added to: 900 000 applicants for asylum, 800,000 returnees, 5.3 million IDPs, 400,000 IDPs returned home and 1.7 million others.”

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Coming from a history of European asylum, UNHCR established in 1949 to develop a European text intended to manage the European Refugees: the Convention of 28 July 1951 on the Status of Refugees. It was only after 1967, under the constraining effects of decolonization, it opens to the world.

The UNHCR’s history can evoke, upstream of its creation, that of the Nansen Passport (1922) and the creation of the Intergovernmental Committee for Refugees (CIR) at the Evian Conference of 1938. The 1930’s are indeed a large influx of “displaced”, analyzed by Hannah Arendt (1951). States are setting up refugee camps, particularly in France, to host the Spanish refugees (there was talk then, officially, “concentration camps”, or “intern”).